Through an analysis of archaeological and literary evidence, my thesis seeks to illustrate that the Greek goddess Hera underwent a process of domestication and "remythologization" that transformed her from a powerful fertility goddess into the muted sister-wife of Zeus. Hera's transformation fits into a greater movement towards a Panhellenic mythology that is centered on the Olympian family. While there are conflicting views regarding the motivations behind the Panhellenic codification of mythology and its significance, I argue that the Olympian deities gained supremacy at the expense of chthonic (earth) deities like Hera, who suffered a loss of power in order to present less of a threat to Zeus' reign. Such a reduction in Hera's chthonic powers explains her shallow (but popular) representation as a petty, vengeful, and wrathful goddess, whose furious outbursts against her husband serve as the only means of rebellion against the rise of the Olympian order that have been left to her. I begin my study of Hera with an analysis of the archaeological evidence at Hera's sanctuary on the island of Samos, which clearly indicates that Hera possesses strong connections to the earth and was once worshipped as the island's primary fertility goddess. Bearing in mind that role as a regional fertility goddess, an examination of Hera's representation in Homeric epic reveals that the goddess stands at the end of a powerful line of earth goddesses and still retains certain vestiges of her inheritance as a fertility goddess in her own right, even after being subsumed into Zeus' Olympian patriarchy.