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Abstract

The marine pelagic environment is the most substantial environmental realm on the planet, accounting for approximately 99% of the entire biosphere. Unlike the more static nature of coastal and terrestrial habitats, the dynamic composition of the pelagic environment makes it a much more complex system to both study and conserve. As The Bahamas is moving towards conserving 20% of their marine and coastal environment by the end of 2020, this study aims to start addressing the gap in the nation’s pelagic marine protected areas. This study consists of the preliminary results of a multi-species offshore visual survey in the Exuma Sound, The Bahamas. Throughout the duration of this study, sightings per unit effort (SPUE) was calculated for 28 species present across 5 species groups of marine vertebrates. SPUEs were analyzed against multiple environmental factors (wind speed, wind direction, transect location, and season) to characterize patterns in the epipelagic community structure. Pearson correlation matrices were run to uncover covariance of species over the same spatial and temporal scales. Only two spatio-temporal relationships exhibited significance, both between tuna and birds. The first was between the general ‘bird’ group and ‘tuna’ group, with a moderate temporal and a strong spatial correlation. The second relationship was seen between brown noddies and tuna, showing very strong correlations both spatially and temporally. Although the results are preliminary, these data provided a valuable first glance into the associations of various species in northeastern Exuma Sound, as well as establishing a baseline for the abundance and diversity of life within the epipelagic zone of these waters.

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