In this thesis, I discuss how Hippocrates' On Airs, Waters and Places advances ancient medicine toward modern practice, introducing proto-medical thinking. Earlier works, particularly Homer's Iliad, center accounts of disease around divine will and wrath rather than direct correlations between a given group's environment or lifestyle and the recurrent diseases in that population. Hippocrates shifts his style into using these correlations to treat diseases and, ultimately, to teach "those who wish to seek medicine." I then describe that Hippocrates did not have the scientific knowledge or tools to identify bacterial infection and viruses as the cause of disease, but he did use his investigations to begin treating infections initially believed to be only curable through divine intervention. This is the distinction of modern diagnostic practice, which identifies a particular disease's cause and eliminates the possibility that it was caused by the pantheon, and prognosis, which uses correlations in symptoms and treatments to improve the outcome of a case rather than identify the cause of the ailments. This distinction is the first move away from complete reliance on the gods without outright rejection of them. The next subject I explain is Hippocrates' use of an organized text to reflect order and purpose for those who wish to seek medicine. The overarching structure of his works reflect a textbook-like style meant for instruction and practice of medical intervention. The final aspect of this thesis focuses on how the proto-medical work of Hippocrates was parallel to the Sophistic rhetoric's careful organization of evidence, shown in the account of the Athenian plague from Thucydides. Overall, I explain how Hippocrates, working within the dynamic contexts of his culture, established medicine as a scientific venture.